Mobile Telecom in 6G Era

Saturday, July 19, 2014

The difference between the "Marketed" Data Rates and the ones available practically..

ITU-T sets the standard requirements for each generation of mobile telecom services, then vendors and operators try to achieve that. However there are major difference between the "Marketed" Data Rates and practical ones.

Reason can be many for the shortcoming.

Following picture presents the theoretical and practical Mobile Dats Rates.

5G Ecosystem Requirements

5G Ecosystem Requirements as stated by NSN.

I Hope that , nobody builds a 4.05 G / 4.15 G and claims it as 5G :-))
I think many experts disagree the fact that LTE is 4G and LTE-A is 5G.
Whereas technically LTE-A serves the ITU-T 4G Requirements.

Sunday, October 13, 2013

3GPP Specifications for - LTE (E-UTRAN)

3GPP Specifications for - (E-UTRA) - Radio Resource Control RRC

[1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".
[2] 3GPP TS nn.nnn: "Radio Interface Protocol Architecture".
[3] 3GPP TS 36.302: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Services provided by
the physical layer ".
[4] 3GPP TS 36.304: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); UE Procedures in Idle
Mode".
[5] 3GPP TS 36.306 "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); UE Radio Access
Capabilities".
[6] 3GPP TS 36.321: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Medium Access
Control (MAC) protocol specification".
[7] 3GPP TS 36.322:"Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Link Control
(RLC) protocol specification".
[8] 3GPP TS 36.323: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Packet Data
Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Specification".
[9] 3GPP TS 36.300: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal
Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2".
[10] 3GPP TS 22.011: "Service accessibility".
[11] 3GPP TS 23.122: "Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle
mode".
[12] 3GPP2 C.S0002-A v6.0: "Physical Layer Standard for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems –
Release A".
ETSI
3GPP TS 36.331 version 8.17.0 Release 8 13 ETSI TS 136 331 V8.17.0 (2012-07)
[13] ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (07/2002) "Information Technology - Abstract Syntax Notation
One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation" (Same as the ISO/IEC International Standard 8824-
1).
[14] ITU-T Recommendation X.681 (07/2002) "Information Technology - Abstract Syntax Notation
One (ASN.1): Information object specification" (Same as the ISO/IEC International Standard
8824-2).
[15] ITU-T Recommendation X.691 (07/2002) "Information technology - ASN.1 encoding rules:
Specification of Packed Encoding Rules (PER)" (Same as the ISO/IEC International Standard
8825-2).
[16] 3GPP TS 36.133: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Requirements for
support of radio resource management".
[17] 3GPP TS 25.101: "Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio
transmission and reception (FDD)".
[18] 3GPP TS 25.102: "Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio
transmission and reception (TDD)".
[19] 3GPP TS 25.331:"Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC);
Protocol specification".
[20] 3GPP TS 45.005: "Radio transmission and reception".
[21] 3GPP TS 36.211: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and
channel coding".
[22] 3GPP TS 36.212: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and
channel coding".
[23] 3GPP TS 36.213: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer
procedures".
[24] 3GPP2 C.S0057-B v1.0: "Band Class Specification for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Systems".
[25] 3GPP2 C.S0005-A v6.0: "Upper Layer (Layer 3) Signaling Standard for cdma2000 Spread
Spectrum Systems – Release A, Addendum 2".
[26] 3GPP2 C.S0024-A v3.0: "cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Air Interface Specification".
[27] 3GPP TS 23.003: "Numbering, addressing and identification".
[28] 3GPP TS 45.008: "Radio subsystem link control".
[29] 3GPP TS 25.133: "Requirements for Support of Radio Resource Management (FDD)".
[30] 3GPP TS 25.123: "Requirements for Support of Radio Resource Management (TDD)".
[31] 3GPP TS 36.401: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Architecture
description".
[32] 3GPP TS 33.401: "3GPP System Architecture Evolution (SAE); Security architecture".
[33] 3GPP2 A.S0008-C v2.0: "Interoperability Specification (IOS) for High Rate Packet Data (HRPD)
Radio Access Network Interfaces with Session Control in the Access Network"
[34] 3GPP2 C.S0004-A v6.0: "Signaling Link Access Control (LAC) Standard for cdma2000 Spread
Spectrum Systems – Addendum 2"
[35] 3GPP TS 24.301: "Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) protocol for Evolved Packet System (EPS); Stage
3".
[36] 3GPP TS 44.060: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station (MS) - Base Station
System (BSS) interface; Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol".
ETSI
3GPP TS 36.331 version 8.17.0 Release 8 14 ETSI TS 136 331 V8.17.0 (2012-07)
[37] 3GPP TS 23.041: "Technical realization of Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)".
[38] 3GPP TS 23.038: "Alphabets and Language".
[39] 3GPP TS 36.413: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRAN); S1 Application Protocol (S1 AP)".
[40] 3GPP TS 25.304: "Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRAN); User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell reselection in connected mode".
[41] 3GPP TS 23.401: "General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) enhancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) access".
[42] 3GPP TS 36.101: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception".
[43] 3GPP TS 44.005: "Data Link (DL) Layer General Aspects".
[44] 3GPP2 C.S0087-0 v2.0: "E-UTRAN - cdma2000 HRPD Connectivity and Interworking: Air Interface Specification"
[45] 3GPP TS 44.018: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol".
[46] 3GPP TS 25.223: "Spreading and modulation (TDD)".
[47] 3GPP TS 36.104: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception".
[48] 3GPP TS 36.214: "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer - Measurements".
[49] 3GPP TS 24.008: "Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Core network protocols; Stage 3".
[50] 3GPP2 C.S0097-0 v1.0: "E-UTRAN - cdma2000 1x Connectivity and Interworking Air Interface Specification".
[51] 3GPP TS 23.216: "Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC); Stage 2".

Tuesday, July 9, 2013

World-Class Mobile Telecoms Qualifications - Middlesex University, London, UK

Web Version |

Forward


	Time is of the essence…spend yours wisely

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Click to go straight to our MSc information.

Download Prospectus

Reference :-

http://www.mdx.ac.uk/courses/postgraduate/mobile-telecommunication-engineering

http://www.mpirical.com/uploads/MSc-MTE-v1.pdf

http://bapcojournal.com/news/archivestory.php/aid/1739/The_world_92s_first_comprehensive_MSc_in_Mobile_Telecommunication_Engineering.html

Wednesday, March 13, 2013

Access Control Class & Class-15 SIM Cards - Part 1

ACC & Class-15 SIM cards Continued here : Part-2

LTE L3 SIB 2 Message from Live Network, Access Barring is not enabled in the eNodeB. More specifically in MME.

References : 3GPP TS 36.331

*** Layer 3 Message type: System Information (DL-BCCH-SCH)

Device: MS1
Time : 12:28:34.538
Vendor Header
Length : 66
Log Code (Hex) : 0xB0C0
HW Timestamp : (9752550.00 ms) 02:42:32.550
    1.25 ms fraction : 0.00
    CFN : 8
    1.25 ms counter : 840230522040
RRC Signaling Header
    Log Packet Version : 2
    RRC Release Number : 9.5.0
    Radio Bearer Id : 0
    Physical Cell Id : 64
    E-ARFCN : XXXXX
    System Frame Number
      System frame number : N/A
      Sub frame number : N/A
    Message Type : BcchSchDownlink
    Message Length : 41
criticalExtensions : systemInformation-r8
systemInformation-r8
sib-TypeAndInfo :
    [0 ] :
      noName : choiceInSequence
      choiceInSequence : sib2
      sib2
        radioResourceConfigCommon
          rach-ConfigCommon
            numberOfRA-Preambles : n52
            sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA : n28
            messageSizeGroupA : b56
            messagePowerOffsetGroupB : dB10
            powerRampingStep : dB2
            preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower : dBm-104
            preambleTransMax : n10
            ra-ResponseWindowSize : sf10
            mac-ContentionResolutionTimer : sf64
            maxHARQ-Msg3Tx : 5
          bcch-Config
            modificationPeriodCoeff : n2
          pcch-Config
            defaultPagingCycle : rf128
            nB : oneT
          prach-Config
            rootSequenceIndex : 265
            prach-ConfigInfo
              prach-ConfigIndex : 6
              highSpeedFlag : False
              zeroCorrelationZoneConfig : 9
              prach-FreqOffset : 9
          pdsch-ConfigCommon
            referenceSignalPower : 15
            p-b : 1
          pusch-ConfigCommon
            n-SB : 4
            hoppingMode : interSubFrame
            pusch-HoppingOffset : 26
            enable64QAM : True
            ul-ReferenceSignalsPUSCH
              groupHoppingEnabled : False
              groupAssignmentPUSCH : 0
              sequenceHoppingEnabled : False
              cyclicShift : 0
          pucch-ConfigCommon
            deltaPUCCH-Shift : ds2
            nRB-CQI : 1
            nCS-AN : 0
            n1PUCCH-AN : 10
          soundingRS-UL-ConfigCommon
            SoundingRS-UL-ConfigCommon : setup
            srs-BandwidthConfig : bw2
            srs-SubframeConfig : sc9
            ackNackSRS-SimultaneousTransmission : True
            srs-MaxUpPts: true
          uplinkPowerControlCommon
            p0-NominalPUSCH : -67
            alpha : al07
            p0-NominalPUCCH : -105
            deltaFList-PUCCH
              deltaF-PUCCH-Format1 : deltaF0
              deltaF-PUCCH-Format1b : deltaF3
              deltaF-PUCCH-Format2 : deltaF1
              deltaF-PUCCH-Format2a : deltaF2
              deltaF-PUCCH-Format2b : deltaF2
            deltaPreambleMsg3 : 0
          ul-CyclicPrefixLength : len1
        ue-TimersAndConstants
          t300 : ms200
          t301 : ms200
          t310 : ms1000
          n310 : n10
          t311 : ms10000
          n311 : n1
        additionalSpectrumEmission : 1
        timeAlignmentTimerCommon : sf1920
    [1 ] :
      noName : choiceInSequence
      choiceInSequence : sib3
      sib3
        q-Hyst : dB2
        mobilityStateParameters
          t-Evaluation : s60
          t-HystNormal : s30
          n-CellChangeMedium : 4
          n-CellChangeHigh : 8
        sf-Medium : dB0
        sf-High : dB0
        s-NonIntraSearch : 9
        threshServingLow : 6
        cellReselectionPriority : 7
        q-RxLevMin : -64
        s-IntraSearch : 29
        presenceAntennaPort1 : False
        neighCellConfig
          Binary string (Bin) : 01
            [0 ] : 0
            [1 ] : 1
        t-ReselectionEUTRA : 1
        t-ReselectionEUTRA-SF
          sf-Medium : lDot0
          sf-High : oDot75

*** Layer 3 Message type: System Information Block 2

Device: MS1
Time : 11:48:41.907
radioResourceConfigCommon
rach-ConfigCommon
    numberOfRA-Preambles : n52
    sizeOfRA-PreamblesGroupA : n28
    messageSizeGroupA : b56
    messagePowerOffsetGroupB : dB10
    powerRampingStep : dB2
    preambleInitialReceivedTargetPower : dBm-104
    preambleTransMax : n10
    ra-ResponseWindowSize : sf10
    mac-ContentionResolutionTimer : sf64
    maxHARQ-Msg3Tx : 5
bcch-Config
    modificationPeriodCoeff : n2
pcch-Config
    defaultPagingCycle : rf128
    nB : oneT
prach-Config
    rootSequenceIndex : 175
    prach-ConfigInfo
      prach-ConfigIndex : 6
      highSpeedFlag : False
      zeroCorrelationZoneConfig : 9
      prach-FreqOffset : 9
pdsch-ConfigCommon
    referenceSignalPower : 15
    p-b : 1
pusch-ConfigCommon
    n-SB : 4
    hoppingMode : interSubFrame
    pusch-HoppingOffset : 26
    enable64QAM : True
    ul-ReferenceSignalsPUSCH
      groupHoppingEnabled : False
      groupAssignmentPUSCH : 0
      sequenceHoppingEnabled : False
      cyclicShift : 0
pucch-ConfigCommon
    deltaPUCCH-Shift : ds2
    nRB-CQI : 1
    nCS-AN : 0
    n1PUCCH-AN : 10
soundingRS-UL-ConfigCommon
    SoundingRS-UL-ConfigCommon : setup
    srs-BandwidthConfig : bw2
    srs-SubframeConfig : sc0
    ackNackSRS-SimultaneousTransmission : True
    srs-MaxUpPts: true
uplinkPowerControlCommon
    p0-NominalPUSCH : -67
    alpha : al07
    p0-NominalPUCCH : -105
    deltaFList-PUCCH
      deltaF-PUCCH-Format1 : deltaF0
      deltaF-PUCCH-Format1b : deltaF3
      deltaF-PUCCH-Format2 : deltaF1
      deltaF-PUCCH-Format2a : deltaF2
      deltaF-PUCCH-Format2b : deltaF2
    deltaPreambleMsg3 : 0
ul-CyclicPrefixLength : len1
ue-TimersAndConstants
t300 : ms200
t301 : ms200
t310 : ms1000
n310 : n10
t311 : ms10000
n311 : n1
additionalSpectrumEmission : 1
timeAlignmentTimerCommon : sf1920

Through this analysis the major principles that I have understood are given below.

1. ACC-Access Control Class Feature introduced to control various Mobile users access in to GSM Network. The same is extended to 3G/4G.

2. Normal Customers are programmed with Access Class 0-9 and allowed in HPLMN/VPLMN

3. PLMN Team/Staffs are programmed with Access Class 11/15 allowed Only in HPLMN.

4. Access Class 12/13/14 allowed to roam in HPLMN & VPLMN. (No MCCMNC Check)

5. Some MS/UE Vendors manufacture their equipment to support only ACC-0 to 9.

6. EFACC – A 2 byte information stored in each SIM’s ROM which will be transferred to MS/UE when it is powered on. Ref : 3GPP TS 22.011

7. System Info Type 3 (GSM/WCDMA) broadcasted from the network will carry the barred class info.In case of LTE/LTE-A it will be System Info Type 2

Reference: http://msc.mpirical.com/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=103

[External Blogs were failing to keep the Blog Material. So I have used the Mpirical.com’s forum.]

Anyway I have re-posted it here... for everybody's reference...

References :

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/11_series/11.11/

http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/22_series/22.011/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscriber_Identity_Module

http://www.emsec.rub.de/media/crypto/attachments/files/2011/04/sim_card_security.pdf

I will be posting the details of how this can be used for commercial purpose/social responsibilities/ network maintenance activities....in upcoming posts....

Sunday, March 3, 2013

LTE / LTE-A :- Integarted / Dedicated PGW

Many vendors are proposing an integrated SGW/PGW platform approach for operators, who just started rolling out LTE Networks. Combining both SGW+PGW in same hardware platform ( more specifically, the ever promising ATCA) has advantages over dedicated platforms.

The operator should decide whether to deploy the combined/dedicated platform according to their own projected traffic over their planned coverage.

For some operators who don't want piggyback their LTE traffic on existing 3G/2G platforms can opt for a dedicated infrastructure for LTE GWs (May be from different vendors). But in future if they decide to Upgrade their existing GGSN platform to have GW potentialities then they should be careful in choosing their combined SGW+PGW Node for the present situation.

The important part is that integrated node should be able to offload part of the traffic on S5 interface to the upgraded GGSN (to PDN-GW) node. This is in a way will ensure the investment protection for existing infrastructure.

What is your view ?....

Friday, March 1, 2013

Overall PCC logical architecture (non-roaming) - 3GPP TS 23.203

Subscription Profile Repository (SPR) & HSS relationship

While reading the 3GPP TS 23.203 Specifications to Undestand PCC,It looks like the only objective of SPR is to manage the QoS based on PDN through which the dedicated EPS Bearer establishment is being attempted. Also couple of doubts arising on the "SPR" functionality.

# What is the relationship between SPR & HSS ?
No relationship between SPR & HSS as same as PCRF.
# Is it a standalone or integrated with HSS/PCRF ?
Can be stand alone or Intergarted with PCRF format.
# How the subscriber QoS data in SPR is administrated , similar like HSS Node or combined ?

Still an open question and looking for the answer....

In case of NSN, the functionality is built in OneNDS and can operate along-with LTE-HSS & IMS-HSS mode depending upon the traffic.
In case of E///, SPR functionality is part of SAPC-Service Aware Policy Controller

CISCO is providing the functionality as part of their ASR5000

References :-

http://www.nokiasiemensnetworks.com/portfolio/products/convergence-ims/cms-8200-home-subscriber-server-for-lte-and-ims

http://www.ericsson.com/si/res/thecompany/docs/publications/ericsson_review/2010/sapc.pdf

http://www.linkedin.com/groupItem?view=&gid=136744&type=member&item=218670693&qid=450b4db5-2dd8-46e3-ad36-838a56d2cbc2&trk=group_most_recent_rich-0-b-ttl&goback=.gmr_136744