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Key 5G NR Technical Characteristics

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Gateway Function - DeComposition

Transforming GW Function in NFV, helps to decompose the GW Layer's Control and User Plane. The aim is to make the User Plane to be handled by simple infra than a stringent mobility gateway node.

A CAPEX saving opportunity is always good to adopt.

Like to find whether it is a vendor specific initiative or is it part of any existing 3GPP / ongoing proposal ?

A detailed take on GW Decomposition....

The basic concept :-

References :-

1. Split Architecture - Telekom Innovation Lab
2. Applying NFV and SDN to LTE Mobile Core Gateways
3. CISCO 5G Benefits
4. 3GPP TS 23.714 5G Benefits

VoLTE - Key Factors Analysis by NOKIA [ formerly NSN]

Reference : https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CCkQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fnetworks.nokia.com%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocument%2Fnsn_from_voice_over_ip_to_voice_over_lte_white_paper.pdf&ei=88Y7Vf3uJojguQS3pYDABw&usg=AFQjCNG3ZC1m0T4W6LiT1XuzXqo153Bq5w&sig2=7FqEkOpTCM0cTmSjML3G3Q&bvm=bv.91665533,d.c2Ey.


The analysis posted in 2013 , here I am recording them for my personal analysis to see what is the difference between projects and reality.

5G Technology Candidate :- Access Optimization

Traditional concept of having a Uplink / Downlink channels irrespective of TDD/FDD mode is the major  point that defines how the spectrum is well utilised and also the ability for further aggregation.

3GPP RAT development team is working on existing Radio Network Coding to enhance the way of using the Channel without decoupling Logically (TDD) or band wise (FDD).

With this improvement, the Career Aggregation will be simpler than before and bandwidth can be provided on demand depending upon the availability with simple access procedure across different bands/RATs.

Figure 1 :- Simplified Career Aggregation Plan [by ETSI]

LTE - Data Rates and UE Class

Data Rates and UE Class for LTE Technology is provided below....

Figure 1 : Data Rates for Downlink in Mbps

Figure 2 : Data Rates for Uplink in Mbps

Figure 3 : LTE UE Class

Figure 4 : LTE Average Throughput - Cell Level

Figure 5 : Latency Comparison for 2G-3G-4G Systems

Figure 6 : LTE MaximumThroughput - Cell Level

5G Technology Objectives

BIG DATA analysis has proven that it can add value to existing business and provide innovative solutions. This leads to revolutionize the business ideas across globe.

It requires a natural partner in terms of broadband connectivity on the fly to help business community in thriving the world economy. ICT Community's main aim to serve this requirement and  empower the growing demands of rural communities. This relationship outlines required objectives for 5G Technologies as stated below.

• 5G Networks will be able to serve 100 billion connections.
• 10 Gb/s will be the data rate per user,
• 5G Netwoks will have new RAT + LTE+LTE-A+WiFi+GSM+HSPA.
• 5G Netowkrs may serve 3 folds of world population in M2M connections.

Figure-1 : 5G Network A theoretical view

Figure-2 : 5G Service Objective Cube

FarEastTone to have APT700 for LTE by Ericsson

http://sunilmobiletelecom.blogspot.in/2014/08/apt700-700-mhz-band-auction-for-mobile.html
http://sunilmobiletelecom.blogspot.in/2014/10/advantages-of-700-mhz-spectrum-over.html


In my previous posts , I have highlighted the APT700's momentum, now...

FarEasTone of Taiwan is teaming up with Ericsson to launch LTE with APT700.
APT700 becoming highly in demand at various APAC & LATAM markets.

It helps the operator to have the capacity to serve more customers and provide extensive indoor coverage quality , all these at the very same network gear cost of any 2300/2100/1800 band LTE network.

SRVCC - Single Radio Voice Call Continuity : Is it possible in India ?

Most of the existing operators having heavily invested CS Core network elements across the entire country. Launching IMS Core as a replacement for these network elements is not a easy jobs from the economical and practically not that easy.

Geography & Customer base are huge with highly complex interconnects across the nation.

SRVCC requires top quality GERAN/UTRAN .

Which is still a question mark....due to many factors including the above pointed Geo + Population.

Even-though Reliance JIO starting with LTE + IMS Core , it may not have a strong target GERAN/UTRAN network. I don't think that there is a partner to do so, instead they may opt for CSFB which helps RJIO and its partner in more better way in terms of implementation.

The 1800 MHz they have acquired is not for GERAN/UTRAN instead they may use it for LTE-FDD Network.

So conclusively, SRVCC may not come to India...

Figure 1 :- SRVCC Concept Diagram from Radisys Whitepaper

SRVCC Background :-

With IMS as core (already deployed), SRVCC become the ultimate choice for Japanese and US mobile operators to provide multimedia services. It was easy for them to go for SRVCC instead of troublesome CSFB ( only in congested areas) with complicated requirements in terms of tecchnical capabilities at UE & Network.

Figure 2 :- SRVCC ecosystem

Figure 3 :- SRVCC Evolution Path

5G Technology Candidate :- Authorized Shared Access (ASA)

Authorized Shared Access (ASA) -- a new technology that enables dynamic access to underutilized spectrum frequencies is becoming a forerunner to become a 5G Technology or part of it.

Cognitive Radio Trial Environment (CORE) is the consortium performing the required field tests and  product development.
NOKIA is the lead in this work group.

The key concept is, mobile operators to share unused frequency bands from TV broadcast networks/ WiFi Networks / Licensed / unlicensed spectrum, with robust quality of service for both parties [ The source and the target ]. This requires a highly complex logical system to work at all the sides to ensure the offloading in sync with different access technologies.Also the objective covers a minimum impact to UE, including software/hardware changes.

Advantages of 700 MHz spectrum over a 2500 MHz spectrum

Just like somebody explained long back... " lower the frequency longer the distance" ...   :-))

Reference : http://sunilmobiletelecom.blogspot.in/2014/08/apt700-700-mhz-band-auction-for-mobile.html

It is a proven theory that a LTE 700 MHz is going to be a killer in case of LTE Services before 450 MHz can make a pitch in the competition. Because many of the major LTE markets are already having strong push to deploy 700 Mhz spectrum.

Both FDD/TDD modes are available in 700 MHz spectrum.

The below pictures are self explanatory of benefits/advantages over other spectrum...

 Figure 1 : Rural LTE Coverage for 700 MHz spectrum

 Figure 2 : Rural LTE Coverage for 2500 MHz spectrum

 Figure 3 : Urban LTE Coverage for 700 MHz spectrum

 Figure 4 : Urban LTE Coverage for 2500 MHz spectrum

 Figure 5 : Urban LTE Coverage comparison for 700 & 2500 MHz spectrum for Rural area

 Figure 6 : Urban LTE Coverage comparison for 700 & 2500 MHz spectrum for Urban area

 Figure 7 : LTE Bands and Frequency Bands

 Figure 8 : LTE Bands and Frequency Bands used by Australian LTE Networks

 Figure 9 : LTE Bands and Frequency Bands used by US LTE Networks

 Figure 10 : LTE Bands and Frequency Bands used by Indian LTE Networks